Sharply higher interest rates around the world could combine with weaker growth in emerging markets to slice as much as 2 percent off global growth in the next five years, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) said Tuesday.
In a report assessing how individual national policies could interact to undermine the world economy, the IMF also warned that the conflict between Russia and Ukraine could reverberate to the rest of the region if sanctions against Russia escalate, hitting natural gas supplies to Europe and weakening European banks.
The resulting impact could prompt further gyrations in financial markets, in contrast to the recent period of market calm, the IMF said in its 'spillovers' report.
In its worst-case scenario, the IMF said that the United States and the United Kingdom could tighten monetary policy sooner than expected, leading to higher borrowing costs worldwide, even as key emerging market growth slows a further 0.5 percentage point over the next three years.
The two developments would reinforce each other, prompting slower growth and hurting in particular those emerging markets with large economic imbalances.